Metabolites of Tame after Inhalation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Because tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) is used to oxygenate gasoline, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) concluded that metabolism and distribution data were needed (US EPA, 1995). These data, along with the developmental (Welsch et al., 2003) and reproductive (Tyl et al., 2003) studies, were to be used for a comprehensive evaluation of the health effects due to exposure to TAME. This paper is the first in a series of three papers describing the metabolism, disposition and pharmacokinetics of TAME. This study was conducted to identify metabolites and to develop methods for the characterization and quantitation of the metabolites in expired air and excreta of rats exposed to a mixture of carbon-13 and carbon-14 TAME. The use of carbon-13-labeled TAME enabled the structural elucidation of metabolites in urine and in expired air by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The time-course quantitation of metabolites in urine and the distribution of TAME to expired air, excreta and tissues were evaluated by carbon14 detection, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography.
منابع مشابه
Blood pharmacokinetics of tertiary amyl methyl ether in male and female F344 rats and CD-1 mice after nose-only inhalation exposure.
Interest in understanding the biological behavior of aliphatic ethers has increased owing to their use as gasoline additives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the blood pharmacokinetics of the oxygenate tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), its major metabolite tertiary amyl alcohol (TAA) and acetone in rats and mice following inhalation exposure to TAME. Species differences in the are...
متن کاملDisposition of Phenolic and Sulfated Metabolites after Inhalation Exposure to 4-Chlorobiphenyl (PCB3) in Female Rats
PCBs, such as PCB3, are air contaminants in buildings and outdoors. Metabolites of PCB3 are potential endocrine disrupting chemicals and genotoxic agents. We studied the disposition of phenolic and sulfated metabolites after acute nose-only inhalation exposure to airborne PCB3 for 2 h in female rats. Inhalation exposure was carried out in three groups. In the first group, rats exposed to an est...
متن کاملBiotransformation of trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze).
trans-1,1,1,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) is a non-ozone-depleting fluorocarbon replacement with a low global warming potential and is developed as foam blowing agent. The biotransformation of HFO-1234ze was investigated after inhalation exposure. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to air containing 2000; 10,000; or 50,000 ppm (n=5/concentration) HFO-1234ze. Male B6C3F1 mice were only ex...
متن کاملRelative bioavailability of salbutamol to the lung following inhalation using metered dose inhalation methods and spacer devices.
BACKGROUND Inhalation aids do not require coordination between actuation of a metered dose inhaler (MDI) with inspiration and reduce oropharyngeal impaction. The delivery of salbutamol to the lung and systemic availability following inhalation with three commonly used spacers and an open mouth technique have been evaluated using a simple noninvasive technique based on urinary excretion 30 minut...
متن کاملDifferences following skin or inhalation exposure in the absorption and excretion kinetics of trichloroethylene and toluene.
The concentrations of trichloroethylene in breath and blood and the urinary excretion of its metabolites following 30 minutes' direct immersion of one hand in the liquid, were compared with those obtained after four hours' inhalation exposure to the vapour of 100 ppm, described in a previous paper. The comparison shows that the end-tidal air concentrations during the first two hours of the post...
متن کامل